[Download] "Urokinase Plasminogen Activator and Its Inhibitor, PAI-1, As Prognostic Markers in Breast Cancer: From Pilot to Level I Evidence Studies." by Clinical Chemistry # eBook PDF Kindle ePub Free

📘 Read Now     📥 Download

eBook details

• Title: Urokinase Plasminogen Activator and Its Inhibitor, PAI-1, As Prognostic Markers in Breast Cancer: From Pilot to Level I Evidence Studies.
• Author : Clinical Chemistry
• Release Date : January 01, 2002
• Genre: Chemistry,Books,Science & Nature,
• Pages : * pages
• Size : 190 KB

Description

The main cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cancer is the formation of distant metastases. The process of metastasis is a multistep event involving local invasion, degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), [1] angiogenesis, intravasation (entry of malignant cells into the circulation), evasion of apoptosis and survival in the circulation, extravasation (exiting from bloodstream), and growth at a secondary site [for a review, see Ref. (1)]. One of the key mediators of this process is the serine protease urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA). uPA is a 53-kDa trypsin-like protease that converts the zymogen plasminogen into active plasmin (2). Although uPA is a relatively specific protease, plasmin acts on a wide variety of protein substrates. These include most components in the ECM, such as laminin, fibronectin, and fibrin (2). Plasmin can also mediate ECM degradation indirectly by activation of certain latent matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) such as MMP-3, MMP-9, MMP-12, and MMP-13 (3). The formation of the active MMPs allows further proteolysis of the ECM. Degradation of the ECM is a prerequisite for cancer invasion and metastasis.

Free PDF Download "Urokinase Plasminogen Activator and Its Inhibitor, PAI-1, As Prognostic Markers in Breast Cancer: From Pilot to Level I Evidence Studies." Online ePub Kindle